Highlights From the Transition: Trump Uses Government Power to Fight Results as Biden Dismisses His Refusal to Concede

[Follow our live updates on President-elect Joe Biden’s transition.]

Trump harnesses the federal government’s power as he fights the election results.

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Pompeo Echoes Trump, Insisting ‘Every Legal Vote’ Be Counted

Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said on Tuesday with a grin that there would be a “smooth transition to a second Trump administration,” echoing President Trump’s demands for a delay until “every legal vote” is counted.

Reporter: “Is the State Department currently preparing to engage with the Biden transition team? And if not, at what point does a delay hamper a smooth transition or pose a risk to national security?” “There will be a smooth transition to a second Trump administration. All right, we’re ready. The world is watching what’s taking place. We’re going to count all the votes. When the process is complete, they’ll be electors selected. There’s a process — the Constitution lays it out pretty clearly. The world should have every confidence that the transition necessary to make sure that the State Department is functional today, successful today and successful with the president who’s in office on Jan. 20, a minute after noon, will also be successful. I went through a transition on the front, and I’ve been on the other side of this. I’m very confident that we will do all the things that are necessary to make sure that the government, the United States goverment, will continue to perform its national security function as we go forward.” Reporter: “Do you believe there’s widespread voter fraud? The reports that we’re getting from Pennsylvania, from Michigan, showing vote totals of massive leads or significant leads with 99 percent reporting are going to be overturned, and that the United States failed to conduct a fraudulent-free election?” “Rich, I’m the secretary of state. I’m getting calls from all across the world. These people are watching our election. They understand that we have a legal process. They understand that this takes time. Right — took us 37-plus days in an election back in 2000. Conducted a successful transition then, I’m very confident that we will count, and we must count, every legal vote. We must make sure that any vote that wasn’t lawful ought not be counted. That dilutes your vote if it’s done improperly. Got to get that right. When we get it right, we’ll get it right — we’re in good shape.”

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Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said on Tuesday with a grin that there would be a “smooth transition to a second Trump administration,” echoing President Trump’s demands for a delay until “every legal vote” is counted.CreditCredit...Pool photo by Jacquelyn Martin

President Trump, facing the prospect of leaving the White House in defeat in January, is using power of the federal government to resist the results of an election that he lost, something that no sitting president has done in American history.

In the latest sign of defiance on Tuesday, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo predicted “a smooth transition to a second Trump administration,” defending the president’s refusal to concede even as President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. called Mr. Trump’s actions since Election Day “an embarrassment.”

Speaking to reporters in Delaware, Mr. Biden shrugged off Mr. Pompeo’s comments, saying that his transition was moving along well and that he was confident that Republicans would eventually accept his victory. “They will. They will,” he said.

The president’s attorney general, William P. Barr, has also authorized investigations into supposed voter fraud, his general services administrator has refused to give Mr. Biden’s team access to transition offices and resources guaranteed under law, and the White House is preparing a budget for next year as if Mr. Trump will be there to present it.

Mr. Trump started the week by firing Defense Secretary Mark T. Esper and the heads of three other agencies while installing loyalists in key positions. Allies expect more to come, including the possible dismissals of the directors of the F.B.I. and the C.I.A.

The moves have left the United States in the position of the kind of country whose weak democratic processes it often criticizes. Rather than congratulating Mr. Biden and inviting him to the White House, as his predecessors traditionally have done after an election changed party control, Mr. Trump has been marshaling his administration and pressuring his allies into acting as if the outcome were still uncertain.

The president’s efforts to discredit with false claims both the election results and the incoming Biden administration is in many ways the culmination of four years of stocking the government with pliant appointees while undermining the credibility of other institutions in American life, including intelligence agencies, law enforcement authorities, the news media, technology companies, the federal government more broadly and now election officials in states across multiple time zones.

Officials across the U.S. say they found no evidence that voter fraud played a role in the election results.

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Secretary of State Frank LaRose of Ohio, standing, with his team in Columbus on election night. “There’s a great human capacity for inventing things that aren’t true about elections,” he said.Credit...Maddie McGarvey for The New York Times

Election officials in dozens of states representing both political parties said that there was no evidence that fraud or other irregularities played a role in the outcome of the presidential race, amounting to a forceful rebuke of President Trump’s claims of a fraudulent election.

Over the past several days, the president, members of his administration, congressional Republicans and right-wing allies have falsely claimed that the election was stolen from Mr. Trump and refused to accept results that showed President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. as the winner.

But top election officials across the country said in interviews and statements that the process had been a remarkable success despite record turnout and the complications of a dangerous pandemic.

“There’s a great human capacity for inventing things that aren’t true about elections,” said Frank LaRose, a Republican who serves as Ohio’s secretary of state. “The conspiracy theories and rumors and all those things run rampant. For some reason, elections breed that type of mythology.”

Steve Simon, a Democrat who is Minnesota’s secretary of state, said: “I don’t know of a single case where someone argued that a vote counted when it shouldn’t have or didn’t count when it should. There was no fraud.”

“Kansas did not experience any widespread, systematic issues with voter fraud, intimidation, irregularities or voting problems,” a spokeswoman for Scott Schwab, the Republican secretary of state in Kansas, said in an email on Tuesday. “We are very pleased with how the election has gone up to this point.”

The New York Times contacted the offices of the top election officials in every state on Monday and Tuesday to ask whether they suspected or had evidence of illegal voting. Officials in 45 states responded directly to The Times. For four of the remaining states, The Times spoke to other statewide officials or found public comments from secretaries of state; none reported any major voting issues.

Officials in Texas did not respond to repeated inquiries. But a spokeswoman for the top elections official in Harris County, the largest county in Texas, with a population greater than those of many states, said that there were only a few minor issues and that “we had a very seamless election.”

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Biden again vows to expand the Affordable Care Act as the Supreme Court hears a case that could gut it.

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‘Families Are Reeling Right Now,’ Biden Says of Health Care Costs

President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. spoke about the Affordable Care Act after the Supreme Court indicated it was unlikely to strike down the law.

Obamacare is a law that every American should be proud of. It’s why people with pre-existing conditions are protected in this country. It’s a law that delivered vital coverage, as I said before, for 20 million Americans who did not have coverage. It’s a law that reduced prescription drug price costs for nearly 12 million seniors. It’s the law that saved lives and spared countless families from financial ruin. So this effort to bypass the will of the American people, the verdict of the courts in the past, the judgments of Congress, in my view, is simply cruel and needlessly divisive. Regardless of the outcome of this case, I promise you this: Beginning on Jan. 20, the Vice President-elect Harris and I — we’re going to do everything in our power to ease the burden of health care on you and your families. I promise you that — as I said, I will protect your health care like I protect my, like my own family. And we’ve been unfortunately significant consumers of health care. That starts by building on the Affordable Care Act with a dramatic expansion of health care coverage and bold steps to lower health care costs. My transition team will soon be starting its work to flesh out the details so that we can hit the ground running — tackling cost, increasing access, lowering the price of prescription drugs. Families are reeling right now.

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President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. spoke about the Affordable Care Act after the Supreme Court indicated it was unlikely to strike down the law.CreditCredit...Anna Moneymaker for The New York Times

WILMINGTON, Del. — President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. vowed Tuesday afternoon to preserve and expand the Affordable Care Act when he takes office on Jan. 20, and assailed legal efforts by President Trump and Republicans to invalidate the health care law during oral arguments at the Supreme Court earlier in the day.

Mr. Biden lashed out at what he called “far-right ideologues” in the Trump administration who asked the court to strike down the health care law. He said the impact for millions of Americans if that were to happen would be severe.

“This doesn’t need to be a partisan issue. It’s a human issue that affects every single American family,” Mr. Biden said, adding that people would lose protections for pre-existing conditions and other coverage. “This isn’t hyperbole. It’s real. As real as it gets.”

The law, signed by former President Barack Obama, provides insurance coverage for tens of millions of Americans, guaranteeing coverage for pre-existing medical conditions and providing other popular provisions, including coverage for prescription drugs and visits to the emergency room.

But Mr. Trump and Republican state officials argue that a key provision of the law — the mandate that individuals purchase insurance — is unconstitutional because Congress reduced the penalty to zero, removing the justification that it was essentially a tax. The Supreme Court had upheld that justification in 2015.

It was not clear whether the court would strike down the mandate. But at least five justices, including two members of the court’s conservative majority, suggested that doing so would not invalidate the rest of the law.

Mr. Biden did not acknowledge the comments from the justices. Instead, he focused on the arguments made by the government’s lawyers, saying they were “ridiculous” and that the government should not have pushed for an end to the law in the middle of a pandemic.

“Regardless of the outcome of this case,” he said, “I promise you this: We will do everything in our power to ease the burden of health care on you and your family.”

Mr. Biden made the fate of the Affordable Care Act a central part of his campaign for the White House, arguing that if Republican lawyers succeeded in convincing the justices to declare the law unconstitutional, the Trump administration would be ill-equipped to address the fallout. After years of promising to do so, Mr. Trump has yet to propose an alternative to the health care law.

Mr. Biden has said he wants to strengthen the law by offering a so-called public option, allowing people to receive coverage the way Medicare enrollees do, through a system of government-run insurance. People who would prefer to stay on private insurance would be able to do so.

Mr. Biden was joined at the event by Vice President-elect Kamala Harris, who as a candidate for president had pushed a health care plan that was intended to expand coverage, but stopped short of the “Medicare for all” single-payer system of government health insurance favored by liberal Democrats.

“Our country had a clear choice in this election,” Ms. Harris said. “Each and every vote for Joe Biden was a vote to protect and expand the Affordable Care Act, not to tear it away in the midst of a global pandemic.”

The Affordable Care Act has survived two earlier challenges in the Supreme Court. But three new justices — all Trump appointees — have joined the court since the last one. One of them, Justice Amy Coney Barrett, has been publicly critical of the earlier rulings.

Democrats clinch House control, even as their majority is on track to shrink.

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Democrats held onto their House majority, though they suffered some losses in rural, working-class districts where President Trump is popular.Credit...Al Drago for The New York Times

Democrats held onto their House majority on Tuesday, securing the 218 seats they need to maintain control of the chamber even as they lost at least a half dozen seats amid unexpected headwinds that left them with a narrower hold on power.

Democrats began the cycle expecting to expand their majority, betting that suburban voters’ distaste for President Trump would trickle down the ballot, allowing them to make inroads in conservative districts and protect many of their own vulnerable incumbents.

But as of Tuesday, they had picked up just a single Republican-held seat, and had lost as many as seven in rural and working-class districts where Mr. Trump is popular, including in New Mexico and Oklahoma in what amounted to a series of stunning and painful defeats.

In those races, Republican women led the way, flipping key seats in Iowa, California and South Carolina, and positioning their party to break the record for the highest number of women ever to serve in their conference.

Representative Cheri Bustos of Illinois, the chairwoman of the House Democrats’ campaign arm, barely eked out a victory in her own district, and told colleagues on Monday that she would not seek another term and that she was “gutted at the losses we sustained.”

But many Democratic incumbents in competitive districts, like Representatives Abigail Spanberger of Virginia and Jared Golden of Maine, also narrowly hung onto their seats.

“These were seats that were in Trump country, and we were able to hold onto 30 seats that are Trump districts, and that’s no small feat,” Ms. Bustos said.

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Cal Cunningham concedes to Senator Thom Tillis in North Carolina.

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Senator Thom Tillis, Republican of North Carolina, appeared headed for a narrow victory in the key swing state.Credit...Hilary Swift for The New York Times

Cal Cunningham, the Democrat challenging Senator Thom Tillis, Republican of North Carolina, conceded the race on Tuesday after a protracted vote count, as the incumbent appeared headed for a narrow victory in a crucial swing state that would bolster his party’s hold on the Senate.

Mr. Tillis, 60, had been one of the Democrats’ top targets this year, a decidedly unpopular first-term Republican in a fast-growing and increasingly competitive state. But he was able to capitalize on unexpected Republican strength in North Carolina to outrun Mr. Cunningham, who was damaged by late revelations of an extramarital affair.

With a vast majority of votes counted, Mr. Tillis was leading by just under 100,000 votes, according to Edison Research, in an election that drew more voters and political spending than any in the state’s history. Mr. Tillis took a lead on election night and never lost it, but because of an influx of mail-in ballots, the result was still not official on Thursday, long after most other races were called.

In a pre-emptive victory speech last week, Mr. Tillis said North Carolinians were “letting everybody know that the truth still does matter, letting everybody know that character still matters, and letting everybody know that keeping your promises still matters.”

Mr. Cunningham said in a statement on Tuesday that the election results suggested “there remain deep political divisions in our state and nation.” He added that he would “always be proud of the work we did together to lift up the voices of North Carolinians who feel left behind by our politics.”

The result was a relief for Republicans, who viewed the seat as a potential tipping point whose loss could have cost them control of the Senate. A win by Mr. Tillis would give Republicans 49 Senate seats to Democrats’ 48. Another race remained uncalled in Alaska, where Senator Dan Sullivan, a Republican, is favored to win.

Either way, Mr. Tillis’s apparent victory only increased the already towering stakes of a pair of January Senate runoffs in Georgia, where a clean sweep by Democrats could hand them a working majority, with Vice President-elect Kamala Harris empowered to cast tiebreaking votes.

Republicans view that outcome as a long shot in a state they have historically dominated, but both parties were already pouring tens of millions of dollars into the races and honing messages to try to frame the holiday-season fight.

Biden campaign names those who will lead efforts to select his top administration officials.

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Don Graves, a Treasury official from 2010 to 2014, will lead the team the Biden campaign is dispatching to the department.Credit...Joshua Lott for The New York Times

President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s transition team announced the people who will lead efforts to select top officials for his administration, including the next secretaries of the Treasury, Commerce, Labor, Education, Interior and Energy Departments, as well as the heads of important agencies across the government. Washington think tanks dominate Mr. Biden’s agency team rosters.

Treasury

Leading the team is Don Graves, who served as a deputy assistant secretary at the Treasury from 2010 to 2014 before moving to Mr. Biden’s office to be a domestic economic policy adviser. Most recently, Mr. Graves worked at KeyBank, where he led its corporate social responsibility department.

Gary Gensler, who was chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission from 2009 to 2014 and was widely seen as tough on Wall Street, is leading the team that will oversee positions at the Federal Reserve, as well as financial agencies like the C.F.T.C. and the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Commerce

The agency review team will be led by Geovette E. Washington, the senior vice chancellor and chief legal officer of the University of Pittsburgh. Members of the team come from a range of backgrounds, in keeping with the department’s sprawling activities, which include weather monitoring, oceanic studies, the census, business promotion and export rules. It includes Tene Dolphin of the Greater Washington Black Chamber of Commerce and Kris Sarri of the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation.

Office of the United States Trade Representative

Jason Miller, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution who worked on manufacturing policy for the Obama administration, will lead the team, which negotiates trade rules and is also responsible for reviewing two other trade-related departments, the U.S. International Trade Commission and the U.S. Trade and Development Agency.

The current United States trade representative, Robert Lighthizer, played a lead role in the Trump administration’s trade war with China, and in re-negotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement with Canada and Mexico.

Labor

The team will be led by Christopher P. Lu, who was a deputy secretary of the department in Mr. Obama’s administration. It also includes several labor union officials, as well as Josh Orton, a top aide to Senator Bernie Sanders, Independent of Vermont.

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Linda Darling-Hammond, left, president of the California State Board of Education, has been tapped to lead the transition of the Education Department.Credit...Rich Pedroncelli/Associated Press

Education

The Biden campaign has tapped Linda Darling-Hammond, the president of the California State Board of Education, to lead the transition of the Education Department. Ms. Darling-Hammond, a widely respected education researcher and policy expert whose expertise ranges from school desegregation to teacher training, led the education transition team for Mr. Obama’s first term in 2008. Ms. Darling-Hammond will lead the 20-person team that includes several former Obama administration officials and teacher’s union representatives.

Interior

Mr. Biden signaled on Tuesday that addressing environmental disparities in poor communities and embedding climate change throughout the government would be priorities. Kevin Washburn, who served as the assistant secretary for Indian affairs at the Interior Department under President Obama, will lead that agency’s transition.

Energy

Leading the team is Dr. Arun Majumdar, who co-directs the Precourt Institute for Energy at Stanford University and led the Energy Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency under Mr. Obama.

Environmental Agencies

The transition teams for these agencies also include environmental activists and a number of former Obama administration officials who have been persistent critics of President Trump’s deregulatory agenda.

Patrice Simms, a vice president at Earthjustice, an environmental group that has sued the Trump administration over environmental deregulation, is leading the review of the Environmental Protection Agency.

Dr. Cecilia Martinez, an environmental justice advocate and the co-founder of the nonprofit Center for Earth, Energy and Democracy, is being dispatched to the White House Council on Environmental Quality, which oversees administration-wide environmental policy.

Mr. Biden also appears to be embedding climate change experts throughout other agencies where the issue is not a core part of the mission. The Defense Department team includes Sharon Burke, an expert on climate and national security who served as an assistant secretary of defense in the Obama administration. Helping manage the transition at the State Department is Susan Biniaz, who spent two decades at the agency as a climate change negotiator.

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The White House says it is working on its budget for next year, another sign that Trump does not plan to concede.

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The White House Office of Management continues its budgeting process under the Trump administration for next year, a spokeswoman said.Credit...Pete Marovich for The New York Times

The Trump administration is moving forward with plans to present a budget proposal to Congress in February, according to a spokeswoman for the White House Office of Management and Budget, the latest signal that President Trump is not preparing to concede the election.

The office, which began its budgeting process for the next fiscal year in September, remains in the middle of that undertaking, the spokeswoman said.

The Washington Post reported on Tuesday that federal agencies had been instructed to continue preparing their budget proposals for the next fiscal year.

The White House typically releases its proposed budget for the next fiscal year in February. It is often one of the first high-profile acts of a new administration.

President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. is set to be inaugurated on Jan. 20. The Trump administration has refused to accept the election results and has so far resisted many of the usual moves that would accompany a presidential handover.

Congress tends to view the White House budget as merely a starting point for negotiations, but the document is also the primary indication of an administration’s economic policy goals, as it spells out where it wants to allocate federal dollars. A Biden budget is expected to differ significantly from Mr. Trump’s, prioritizing spending proposals that the president-elect outlined in his campaign, including more money for safety net programs, education and health care.

Pence rallied G.O.P. senators around Trump’s election challenges, promising to help defend their majority in Georgia.

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Vice President Mike Pence said in a Twitter post on Tuesday that he had told senators “We’ll Keep Fighting until every LEGAL Vote” for President Trump was counted.Credit...Anna Moneymaker for The New York Times

Vice President Mike Pence rallied Republicans on Capitol Hill on Tuesday behind President Trump’s efforts to challenge his defeat, briefing senators about legal challenges around the country as he vowed to help defend the party’s foothold in the Senate.

Mr. Pence, according to senators and aides familiar with the discussion, spent little time discussing the administration’s refusal to accept the outcome of the election, though he listed the states where the Trump campaign was pursuing legal challenges. In a tweet later on Tuesday, Mr. Pence said he had told senators “We’ll Keep Fighting until every LEGAL Vote” for Mr. Trump was counted.

Mr. Pence also said he planned to travel to Georgia in the coming days to campaign for Senators David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler, Republicans who are facing runoffs in January that are likely to determine whether the party can hold its majority.

At one point, Mr. Pence said he had campaigned so much for Senator Joni Ernst of Iowa this year as she successfully battled for re-election that he considered himself “an honorary Iowan,” according to three Republicans familiar with his comment. At least some Republicans present heard the comment as a veiled reference to 2024, when Republicans competing for the presidential nomination will descend on the state before its caucuses.

The Republicans spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe a private discussion.

Most Republicans on Tuesday continued to avoid acknowledging President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s victory, with Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the Republican leader, insisting that he planned to “concentrate on the business that we have left to do” and “let the presidential election go through the various stages that it goes through under the Constitution.”

Mr. McConnell, who was unanimously re-elected Tuesday morning by acclamation, played down Mr. Trump’s refusal to concede and his baseless claims of election fraud, saying, “we ought to quit all the hand-wringing and not act like this is extraordinary.”

“We’re going to get through this period, and we’ll swear in the winner on January the 20th of 2021, just like we have every four years,” he added.

But for now, Republicans said they were buoyed by Mr. Pence’s presentation.

“His inventory of the allegations and the various lawsuits they will file were, to me, very impressive,” said Senator John Kennedy, Republican of Louisiana. “I think we are united. To my knowledge, even the usual suspects have been supportive of the president’s right to have his day in court.”

He may have been referring to the handful of Republicans — all critics of the president — who have congratulated Mr. Biden as the president-elect while also saying that any credible evidence of wrongdoing should be considered and requests for recounts respected. They include Senators Mitt Romney of Utah, Susan M. Collins of Maine, Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Ben Sasse of Nebraska.

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Mitch McConnell signaled his support for Gina Haspel, Trump’s embattled C.I.A. director.

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Gina Haspel, the C.I.A. director, met with Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky on Tuesday.Credit...Anna Moneymaker for The New York Times

Gina Haspel, the C.I.A. director, visited with Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the majority leader, on Tuesday, in a meeting that signaled the top Republican’s support for the agency’s chief amid reports of White House discontent.

Administration officials have been privately saying for weeks that President Trump might fire Ms. Haspel after the election. Speculation about her fate intensified after Mr. Trump fired his defense secretary, Mark Esper, on Monday.

Ms. Haspel and Mr. McConnell, both from Kentucky, speak frequently and have a warm relationship. She gave a rare public speech at the McConnell Center at the University of Louisville in 2018. Mr. McConnell gave her a warm introduction.

Mr. McConnell is a member of the so-called Gang of Eight congressional leaders who are frequently briefed on intelligence matters by Ms. Haspel and others. But because the meeting on Tuesday was separate from those briefings, it was widely viewed as an effort to signal Mr. McConnell’s support for Ms. Haspel.

The C.I.A. director is traditionally an apolitical post, and agency heads are supposed to deliver unvarnished intelligence and not take policy positions. But Mr. Trump has been frustrated that Ms. Haspel has not made his concerns more of a priority, according to administration officials.

Ms. Haspel has supported a string of agency conclusions at odds with White House positions, including the culpability of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman of Saudi Arabia in the death of the journalist Jamal Khashoggi, Russia’s paying of bounties to the Taliban to kill American troops in Afghanistan and North Korea’s unwillingness to give up nuclear weapons. She also has opposed the declassification of material that could endanger agency sources, despite Mr. Trump’s calling for the release of more material that his supporters could use to argue that Russian interference in the 2016 campaign was exaggerated.

Ms. Haspel never takes questions from the press. On her way into the meeting with Mr. McConnell, reporters asked if she was concerned Mr. Trump would fire her.

“Have a good afternoon,” was her only response.

After a roughly 20-minute meeting, Ms. Haspel left Mr. McConnell’s office to another round of shouted questions about her job security and voter fraud. In response she replied, “Have a good evening.”

Black organizers demand ‘a seat at the table’ in Biden’s transition.

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People waved as Joseph R. Biden Jr.'s motorcade left Grace Lutheran Church in Kenosha, Wis., in September. Patrisse Cullors, a co-founder of Black Lives Matter, pointed to voters in cities like Philadelphia, Detroit and Milwaukee who enabled Mr. Biden to win Pennsylvania, Michigan and Wisconsin.Credit...Chang W. Lee/The New York Times

Activists in the Movement for Black Lives coalition said on Tuesday that President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. had Black voters to thank for his victory, and that they would push his transition team and his administration on issues like criminal justice reform and defunding the police.

Patrisse Cullors, a co-founder of Black Lives Matter, said on a press call that she and other B.L.M. leaders had sent a letter to Mr. Biden’s campaign on Saturday asking for “an active role in the transition process,” but that they had not yet heard back.

“This movement won this election, plain and simple,” Ms. Cullors said, pointing to the voters in cities like Philadelphia, Detroit and Milwaukee who enabled Mr. Biden to win Pennsylvania, Michigan and Wisconsin.

“The fact that we have to ask for a seat at the table, after the way we showed up, shows that Democrats have a lot of work to do when it comes to rewarding and listening to the Black folks that made this victory possible.”

A spokesman for Mr. Biden’s transition team did not immediately respond to a question about the letter.

Kendra Brooks, a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Working Families Party, argued that Democratic Party leaders had “focused on the suburbs while taking Black voters for granted.”

The activists on the call pushed back on the belief, expressed by many centrist Democrats since the election, that calls to defund the police and enact other progressive policies were responsible for the party’s underperformance in congressional races.

Among other actions, they called for a higher minimum wage, new affordable housing protections and passage of the BREATHE Act, which would shift funding from police departments to community public safety programs.

“It was a mandate from the streets,” Jessica Byrd, head of the Electoral Justice Program of the Movement for Black Lives, said of Mr. Biden’s win. “And what electoral justice means is that mandates from the streets deserve meaningful and rigorous debate.”

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Disinformation and falsehoods about Biden’s victory flood social media and search engines.

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Election workers at the Philadelphia Convention Center, where ballots were being counted last week.Credit...Ruth Fremson/The New York Times

As President Trump and his team continue to circulate fabricated claims of a stolen election and voter fraud, their allies are flooding the internet search engines and social media with falsehoods intended to question the legitimacy of President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s victory.

This dynamic — the Trump team broadcasting misinformation, which is then plugged into the high-wattage amplifier of social media — was a defining feature of Mr. Trump’s campaign and administration and has, if anything, intensified in the wake of his defeat.

One particular brazen example surfaced early Tuesday. Some users who entered the search phrase “Biden loses PA” into Google — not an uncommon search given Mr. Trump’s claims — were directed to a page topped with a YouTube video entitled “Biden Loses Pennsylvania and Loses President-Elect Status.”

If the term “Biden loses” is entered, another video entitled “Breaking News!!! Biden Loses President-Elect Status” appears for some users as the top video result.

These claims are false.

Many Republicans have privately conceded that Mr. Trump’s path to victory is nonexistent but have been reluctant to challenge him. On Monday, Senator Mitch McConnell, the majority leader, refused to acknowledge Mr. Biden as the president-elect and said Mr. Trump was “100 percent” within his rights to pursue legal remedies.

As of Tuesday morning, Mr. Biden was ahead by more than 45,000 votes in Pennsylvania, and while counting is still going on, his lead is insurmountable, according to analysts. While Mr. Trump’s allies have focused their legal fights on Nevada, Wisconsin, Michigan and Georgia, Mr. Biden’s margins of victory in those states are also highly unlikely to be overturned.

The first video, posted by an obscure YouTube user, touts a debunked and fictitious claim that the political website RealClearPolitics rescinded Mr. Biden’s win in Pennsylvania, and hence revoked his status as president-elect.

While most major news outlets, including The New York Times, called the race for Mr. Biden on Saturday, RealClearPolitics has been more cautious. It has not declared a winner, pending the outcomes in several states, including North Carolina and Alaska, where Mr. Trump is currently ahead.

That did not stop Rudolph W. Giuliani, the president’s lawyer, who has claimed — without providing evidence — that Democrats stole the election, from posting a tweet late Monday claiming the site had taken away Pennsylvania and made it a “toss up.”

Tom Bevan, who runs RealClearPolitics, quickly shot back, “This is false. We never called Pennsylvania, and nothing has changed.”

Mr. Giuliani, who has roughly one million followers on Twitter, did not remove his post. He did not immediately return multiple requests for comment.

The falsehood was posted by a verified account, The Next News Network; it gained nearly 900,000 views in just 12 hours, largely driven by shares on Facebook. Data from the Facebook-owned social media analytics tool CrowdTangle suggests that 97 percent of Facebook likes and shares happened in private Facebook groups. On Google, search interest in “Biden loses Pennsylvania” jumped 1,150 percent in a little over an hour, peaking at 8:52 p.m., according to data from Google Trends.

Pam Bondi, another Trump legal adviser who has 110,000 followers, tweeted out a similar message, but deleted it late Monday. Sean Spicer, Mr. Trump’s former press secretary, took it a step further, appending a correction to his original tweet echoing the claim.

But the misinformation has spread through Facebook and Twitter anyway.

“If you thought disinformation on Facebook was a problem during our election, just wait until you see how it is shredding the fabric of our democracy in the days after,” Bill Russo, a Biden press aide who has criticized social media companies, tweeted on Monday.

YouTube said the viral video flagged by The Times had been labeled but does not violate its deceptive practices policy, which prohibits misleading viewers about how to vote but doesn’t ban expressing views on an election’s outcome.

Trump starts raising money for a new ‘Save America’ PAC to fund his future activities.

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President Trump arrived at his golf club in Sterling, Va., on Sunday.Credit...Oliver Contreras for The New York Times

President Trump is directing money raised through his campaign’s breathless requests to “defend the election” into a new political action committee before his recount fund, a move that allows him greater flexibility to bankroll his future political endeavors.

The new group, called Save America, is a federal fund-raising vehicle known as a leadership PAC that has donation limits of $5,000 per donor per year.

It will be used to underwrite Mr. Trump’s post-presidential activities, tapping into the vast reservoir of small donors that made him a dominant fund-raiser, for a time, in 2020. But it is likely to have far greater significance for a man who is refusing not only to concede the election but remains reluctant to surrender the spotlight. In that sense, his PAC could become a fan-subsidized machine to perpetuate his agenda and plot his next moves.

In the days since the election, Mr. Trump’s campaign has blitzed supporters with text messages and emails almost hourly, spreading unsubstantiated claims of widespread fraud and asking supporters to give to the “official election defense fund.”

“We need YOUR HELP to DEFEND the integrity of our Election,” read one email early Tuesday morning.

The fine print shows where the money is actually going.

Initially, 60 percent of donations were going to pay off debts that the Trump campaign had accumulated. But as of Tuesday, that had shifted.

Now, 60 percent of donations are earmarked for Save America, which was registered with the Federal Election Commission on Monday by Bradley T. Crate. Mr. Crate also serves as Mr. Trump’s campaign treasurer.

Only after a donor gives more than $5,000 does any of the money go to the recount account that Mr. Trump set up.

In addition, 40 percent of every donation goes to the Republican National Committee.

“Small donors who give thinking they’re helping to defend the integrity of our election are in fact largely helping to finance Trump’s post-presidential political ventures,” said Brendan M. Fischer, an attorney at the Campaign Legal Center, a watchdog group.

Mr. Trump can use the new political action committee to support other candidates, as well to fund his own travel, polling and political team.

Republicans will likely be clamoring for the help, given the fact that Mr. Trump matched or outperformed many down-ballot candidates in their own districts. The first test is likely to come during Georgia’s January runoff for the Senate seats occupied by the Trump loyalists David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler. The outcome will decide which party controls the Senate.

Tim Murtaugh, a spokesman for Mr. Trump, said on Monday that the leadership PAC had been planned before the election. “The president always planned to do this, win or lose, so he can support candidates and issues he cares about, such as combating voter fraud,” Mr. Murtaugh said.

Leadership PACs are generally seen as loosely regulated — Joseph R. Biden Jr. operated one during the 2018 midterms ahead of his own presidential run — and the committee gives Mr. Trump a place to continue to direct supporter cash.

One advantage for Mr. Trump is that the leadership PAC gives him more latitude than the recount account, which is more limited in its use, according to campaign finance experts.

“There is far more flexibility with how a candidate can use a leadership PAC than a recount account,” Mr. Fischer said.

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Justice Dept. official overseeing election fraud investigations takes aim at Barr in email stepping down.

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Attorney General William P. Barr at the Capitol on Monday.Credit...Al Drago for The New York Times

The top Justice Department official overseeing election fraud investigations took aim at Attorney General William P. Barr as he abruptly departed the post, telling colleagues that he had stepped aside in an attempt to protect the department’s integrity.

Mr. Barr informed federal prosecutors on Monday that they were allowed to investigate “specific allegations” of voter fraud before the results of the presidential race were certified. In explaining his move, the official, Richard Pilger, said that his decision was rooted in an award that he had won several years earlier that recognizes a department official who “displayed extraordinary strength of character in a unique situation.”

Mr. Pilger plans to stay at the Justice Department in a nonsupervisory role. Here is the text of the email he sent to colleagues, absent a redaction:

Dear Colleagues,

Attached please find the Attorney General’s Memorandum of today entitled “Post-Voting Election Irregularity Inquiries,” an important new policy abrogating the forty-year-old Non-Interference Policy for ballot fraud investigations in the period before elections becoming certified and uncontested. Federal Prosecution of Election Offenses, pp. 84-85 (8th Ed. 2017).

Having familiarized myself with the new policy and its ramifications, and in accord with the best tradition of the John C. Keeney Award for Exceptional Integrity and Professionalism (my most cherished Departmental recognition), I must regretfully resign from my role as Director of the Election Crimes Branch. I have enjoyed very much working with you for over a decade to aggressively and diligently enforce federal criminal election law, policy, and practice without partisan fear or favor. I thank you for your support in that effort.

The Acting Director of the Election Crimes Branch going forward will be PIN Deputy Chief Robert J. Heberle [redacted text]. Deputy Director Sean F. Mulryne will remain in his position. Please give them both the same support that I have enjoyed, and rest assured that he Public Integrity Section remains committed to operating properly in all of its functions.

Best Wishes, RCP

The department created the John C. Keeney Award for Exceptional Integrity and Professionalism a decade ago to recognize department officials who showed integrity over a long career and “displayed extraordinary strength of character in a unique situation.”

Mr. Keeney was the longest-tenured department prosecutor in history. He worked under 12 presidents and 23 attorneys general over 60 years, according to the Justice Department. He retired in 2010 as a top official in the department’s criminal division in Washington.

During World War II, Mr. Keeney was shot down during an allied bombing campaign over Germany and held in a Nazi camp until the conclusion of the war. Six years later, he was hired by the Justice Department as a prosecutor.

Early Tuesday, the top lawyer for the Biden campaign joined the chorus of Democrats and civil rights lawyers condemning Mr. Barr’s decision.

“It is deeply unfortunate that the Attorney General Barr chose to issue a memorandum that will only fuel the ‘specious, speculative, fanciful or far-fetched claims’ he professes to guard against,” said the Biden lawyer, Bob Bauer. “Those are the very kind of claims that the president and his lawyers are making unsuccessfully every day, as their lawsuits are laughed out of one court after another.”

And by late Tuesday afternoon, Gov. Charlie Baker of Massachusetts, a moderate Republican who has already congratulated Mr. Biden on his victory, said it was “wildly inappropriate” for the Justice Department to have become involved in what he called “stalling an orderly transition process.”

“Orderly transitions of power are good for the country, they’re good for the American people,” he said. “What this president is doing at this point in time is not in the best interest of this country. The administration needs to move forward and cooperate with the president-elect’s transition team immediately.”

Biden speaks with four foreign leaders, including Boris Johnson and Angela Merkel.

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Prime Minister Boris Johnson of Britain has often been ideologically aligned with President Trump.Credit...Neil Hall/EPA, via Shutterstock

President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. spoke on Tuesday with four foreign leaders, including the British prime minister, Boris Johnson, a prominent Trump ally.

Mr. Johnson tweeted that he had congratulated Mr. Biden on his victory and that he looked forward “to working with him on our shared priorities — from tackling climate change, to promoting democracy and building back better from the pandemic.” The wording was noteworthy coming from Mr. Johnson, who has often been ideologically aligned with Mr. Trump: “Build back better” was a central slogan of Mr. Biden’s campaign.

Mr. Biden’s transition team said that he and Mr. Johnson had discussed combating climate change and the coronavirus pandemic, “promoting democracy” and geopolitical issues in the Balkans and Ukraine. Mr. Johnson’s office told reporters that he had invited Mr. Biden to the United Nations Climate Change Conference, scheduled to be held in Glasgow next November.

Mr. Biden’s other calls on Tuesday were with President Emmanuel Macron of France, Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany and Taoiseach Micheál Martin of Ireland. (His first call with a foreign leader, on Monday, was with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada.) According to his transition team, these conversations covered many of the same topics as his conversation with Mr. Johnson.

Mr. Biden and Mr. Macron also discussed Iran’s nuclear program and the conflict in Syria, and he and Ms. Merkel discussed a “shared agenda” between the United States and the European Union.

Numerous foreign leaders have acknowledged Mr. Biden’s victory, including the ones he has spoken with as well as Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel. The acknowledgments from Mr. Johnson and Mr. Netanyahu were particularly significant because they have had friendlier relationships than most other world leaders with the Trump administration.

As Mr. Trump and other top Republicans continue their baseless challenges to the legitimacy of the election, Mr. Biden is moving forward with the transition to the extent that he can, given the Trump administration’s refusal to cooperate.

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House leaders demand that outgoing Trump agency heads preserve records for future investigations.

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House Democrats have opened numerous investigations into the Trump administration during the president’s four years in office.Credit...Oliver Contreras for The New York Times

Worried that the Trump administration might destroy files as its members leave the White House, the Democratic heads of 21 House committees sent letters on Tuesday to more than 50 federal agencies, demanding they comply with federal record-keeping laws and preserve information sought in congressional subpoenas and investigations.

The request, coming after the White House repeatedly stonewalled Democratic lawmakers by refusing to release documents and blocking officials from testifying before their committees, could set up a new series of conflicts, before and after the inauguration, as committee aides scramble to uncover undisclosed details of governmental machinations under Mr. Trump.

“As the Trump administration prepares for the transition of power to the new Biden administration, we write to remind you that all Executive Office of the President employees and officials must comply with record preservation obligations set forth in federal law and preserve information relevant to congressional oversight,” wrote the chairs of the committees, including Representative Carolyn B. Maloney of New York, chairwoman of the Committee on Oversight and Reform.

Among the demands in the letters were orders for the White House to preserve all records in accordance with the Presidential Records Act and the Federal Records Act, as well as any documents that may be requested as part of a congressional investigation.

“You are obligated to ensure that any information previously requested by Congress — and any other information that is required by law to be preserved — is saved and appropriately archived in a manner that is easily retrievable,” the Democrats wrote.

House Democrats have opened numerous investigations into the Trump administration during the president’s four years in office, including, most recently, probes into Customs and Border Protection agents who allegedly engaged in misconduct, attempts to withhold federal funds from local jurisdictions, and the performance of the Postal Service.

Arizona and Georgia have not been called yet. Here’s where things stand.

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Election workers reviewed ballots in Phoenix on Monday.Credit...Jim Urquhart/Reuters

While President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. has been projected the winner in the 2020 election, states across the country are still tallying votes. The Times has yet to call winners in four states, and in two — Arizona and Georgia — Mr. Biden currently leads.

Mr. Biden has already won the election. Even if President Trump was able to overtake Mr. Biden in one or both states, and hold onto the two outstanding states where he is leading, North Carolina and Alaska, that fact would not change.

In Georgia, Mr. Biden leads President Trump by over 12,000 votes as of Tuesday afternoon, or about a quarter of a percentage point. The secretary of state, Brad Raffensperger, said Friday that there were 8,400 military and overseas ballots that had been sent out and could still be returned, as well as 14,200 provisional ballots that had been received by election officials. Some additional ballots have been counted since Mr. Raffensperger made those remarks.

But provisional ballots must all be inspected and counted by hand, and take an exceptionally long time to process and count, and the deliberative nature of tabulating those ballots has slowed the reporting of results in Georgia.

Mr. Biden has been winning the provisional ballots there so far, and those left to count might help pad his lead in the state even further. Then a recount is “inevitable,” according to Mr. Raffensperger, but Mr. Biden’s lead is so large that the results are extremely unlikely to be reversed.

In Arizona, Mr. Trump continues to make gains on Mr. Biden, now trailing him by less than 15,000 votes, or about four-tenths of a percentage point. But the president is running out of opportunities to close the gap in the state.

Only about 60,000 votes remain to be counted in Arizona, and Mr. Trump would need to win them by more than 20 points to take the lead. But Mr. Trump hasn’t been winning the count by such a large margin in recent days.

The remaining ballots might be even better for Mr. Biden. More than half of the remaining ballots are provisional ballots, and more than half of those are from the heavily Democratic Pima County.

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With Senate control up for grabs, McConnell and Schumer will continue to lead their parties.

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Senators Mitch McConnell, Republican of Kentucky, and Chuck Schumer, Democrat of New York, will lead their respective parties. Senate control will likely hinge on the results of two runoffs in Georgia.Credit...Michael A. McCoy for The New York Times

Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the Republican leader, and Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, the Democratic leader, will continue to steer their respective parties in the 117th Congress, though it remains unclear which man will be majority leader given the prospect of two Senate runoff races in Georgia.

Both men were unanimously re-elected Tuesday morning by acclamation, as both the Democratic caucus and Republican conference held private meetings on Capitol Hill to select leadership for the next Congress. The handful of new senators-elect, who have yet to be sworn in, were also on hand to participate in the process.

“A few weeks ago, someone called him the Apex Predator of American politics, which may be the best yet,” Senator Tom Cotton, Republican of Arkansas, said in remarks formally nominating Mr. McConnell, the longest serving Republican leader in the Senate’s history. “I nominate as our leader, the Apex Predator of the United States Senate, Addison Mitchell McConnell Jr.”

Very little upheaval was expected on either side, with Senate Democrats maintaining the same leadership team and Senator Richard Durbin of Illinois remaining as the No. 2 Democrat, according to a Democrat familiar with the results. The caucus also agreed to add two senators, Cory Booker of New Jersey and Catherine Cortez Masto of Nevada, expanding the Democratic leadership ranks to 10 members besides Mr. Schumer and Mr. Durbin.

The caucus will wait until later in the year to decide committee assignments and who will oversee the Senate Democratic campaign arm.

Senate Republicans kept Senator John Thune of South Dakota as the conference whip, the No. 2 position, as well as Senator John Barrasso of Wyoming, Joni Ernst of Iowa, and Roy Blunt of Missouri in top positions. They elected Senator Rick Scott of Florida, the state’s former governor, to lead Senate Republicans’ campaign arm.

“We’re ready to get going even though there is some suspense about whether we will be in the majority or not. That will be answered in Georgia on Jan. 5,” Mr. McConnell said.

Pressed by reporters, he once again declined to recognize President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s victory and insisted President Trump’s decision to challenge the results by spreading baseless claims of widespread fraud “should not be alarming.”

Trump’s refusal to concede affects Biden’s access to classified information.

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Secret Service agents stood guard outside of a church President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. attended on Sunday.Credit...Amr Alfiky/The New York Times

President Trump’s refusal to concede the election to President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. has already affected Mr. Biden’s transition, particularly on national security issues.

Mr. Biden has yet to receive a presidential daily briefing, the compendium of the government’s latest secrets and best intelligence insights. And while no law states that Mr. Biden must receive it, previous administrations, dating to at least 1968, have authorized their elected successors to be given the briefing after clinching victory.

It was also unclear whether Mr. Biden’s team would have access to classified information, the most important pipeline for them to learn about the threats facing the United States.

At the same time, a Trump loyalist known as fierce partisan has been appointed as the top lawyer at the National Security Agency, a sign that the administration is trying to help its political appointees land career posts that they can stay in even after a new president is sworn in, American officials said.

The appointee, Michael Ellis, had served as a National Security Council lawyer and most recently as its senior director for intelligence. Formerly a lawyer for the Republicans on the House Intelligence Committee, he gained notoriety as one of two White House aides who helped his previous boss, Representative Devin Nunes, gain access to intelligence reports in early 2017 to advance Mr. Trump’s political goals.

Like previous presidents-elect, Mr. Biden is receiving Secret Service protection, and a no-fly zone has been established over his home in Delaware. But if Mr. Trump’s administration continues its refusal to recognize Mr. Biden as the winner, it could complicate his security until his inauguration.

Former agency officials say the Secret Service is highly unlikely to begin that transition unless the G.S.A. has authorized it.

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Hillary Clinton highlights the ‘gracious’ letter the last losing Republican president wrote to his successor.

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Hillary Clinton posted the letter President George H.W. Bush wrote to President Bill Clinton during the transfer of power in 1993. “Here’s how it’s done in America,” she wrote.Credit...Anna Moneymaker/The New York Times

Providing another example of how President Trump’s reaction to his election loss differs from other presidents’, Hillary Clinton on Tuesday posted a letter that an outgoing president, George H.W. Bush, wrote to an incoming one, Bill Clinton, in 1993.

“You will be our president when you read this note,” Mr. Bush, a Republican and the last incumbent to lose re-election, wrote to Mr. Clinton, his Democratic successor, on Inauguration Day. “Your success is now our country’s success. I am rooting hard for you. Good luck.”

“Here’s how it’s done in America,” Mrs. Clinton wrote on Instagram, describing the letter as “gracious.”

“Since the very beginning, American presidents have accepted the will of the people and participated in a peaceful transfer of power,” she wrote. “That’s what makes our democracy so unique, and so enduring.”

To be fair, Mr. Trump has 71 days to pen a similar note to Mr. Biden. But based on how things are going so far, that gesture appears unlikely. Mr. Trump has shattered Washington’s norms for four years, has yet to concede he lost the election and is stalling the start of a peaceful transition period, breaking from longstanding precedent.

Mr. Bush was the last one-term president before Mr. Trump. But the similarities stop there.

“Here’s the way we see it and the country should see it — that the people have spoken and we respect the majesty of the democratic system,” Mr. Bush said in the concession speech he delivered on election night in 1992. “I just called Governor Clinton over in Little Rock and offered my congratulations. He did run a strong campaign. I wish him well in the White House.”

Transitions have faced roadblocks before. The most recent — in 2016, when Mr. Trump prepared to take over from President Barack Obama — was rocky and behind schedule because of shake-ups on Mr. Trump’s team. Eight years earlier, Mr. Obama’s transition faced snags because he had to replace his head of personnel multiple times.

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